Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

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Prepare for the WOCN Exam with comprehensive questions and explanations designed to enhance your knowledge and confidence. Tailored for wound, ostomy, and continence nursing professionals, our exam simulator provides you with the practice needed.

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Why does prolonged pressure lead to the development of pressure injuries?

Increased exposure to moisture
Skin irritation from clothing
Ischemia from occluded capillaries
Increased heat production

The correct answer is: Ischemia from occluded capillaries

Prolonged pressure on a specific area of the skin leads to the development of pressure injuries primarily due to ischemia resulting from occluded capillaries. When pressure is applied to the skin, especially over bony prominences, it compresses the underlying blood vessels. This compression reduces blood flow to the area, which prevents necessary oxygen and nutrients from reaching the tissues while also hindering the removal of metabolic waste products. The lack of circulation can cause tissue ischemia, leading to cell death and subsequent breakdown of the skin and underlying structures, resulting in pressure injuries. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for wound, ostomy, and continence nursing practice, as it highlights the importance of frequent repositioning of patients, effective pressure-relief strategies, and the application of appropriate support surfaces to maintain healthy blood flow to vulnerable areas of the body.