Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

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In regards to gastric suction, which approach is used to minimize reflux?

Using a high-pressure valve.
Maintaining the head of the bed at a non-elevated position.
Employing continuous suction techniques.
Utilizing intermittent suction with pauses.

The correct answer is: Utilizing intermittent suction with pauses.

Utilizing intermittent suction with pauses is effective in minimizing reflux during gastric suction. This method allows for periods where the suction is turned off, enabling the stomach to empty at a more natural rate and reducing the likelihood of contents flowing back into the esophagus. Intermittent suctioning can help prevent continuous negative pressure buildup in the stomach, which can contribute to reflux or irritation of the gastric mucosa. Additionally, this technique aligns with the physiological needs of the gastrointestinal system, allowing more time for the natural motility processes to occur without being altered by constant suction. It also may reduce the risk of complications associated with prolonged exposure to suction, such as mucosal damage. In contrast, continuous suction techniques can create a constant vacuum pressure that may increase reflux likelihood by not allowing the stomach contents to settle. Maintaining the head of the bed at a non-elevated position does not support gravity's role in minimizing reflux, and using a high-pressure valve may not provide the gentler suction needed to protect the gastric mucosa while preventing reflux. Thus, the approach of intermittent suction with pauses is the most beneficial for minimizing reflux during gastric suction.